The War of 1812 and Canadian History - 994 Words

The War of 1812 was an influential event, which marks its place in Canadian history. The heroic efforts of Canadians helped to define who they are, determine what side of the border they live on, and the flag they salute today. Therefore, The War of 1812 is the most significant historical event that lay down the foundation for a nation. It united segregated colonies, secured borders with a strong militia, and achieved the fundamental objective of defense. Firstly, many groups of colonies worked in isolation because of different incentives. However during the War of 1812, the small communities from different locations of British North America united, securing relations. Prior to the war, many settlers in Upper Canada did not feel loyal to Great Britain. Some were United Empire Loyalists, who had arrived from the North after the American Revolution and believed that they would support and fight alongside with the Americans instead of British North America. Others were American and had felt no connection towards the Crown. But when the declaration for the war was given, both Upper and Lower Canada united and came together collectively to fight against a common enemy, for the sake of their land. The Montreal Gazette editor reports on the entire population of the city coming together to defend its frontier: â€Å"All classes of individuals †¦ have flown to the standard, with the determination of supporting their national character, and defending their country from the unhallowedShow MoreRelatedWar of 18121643 Words   |  7 PagesThe War of 1812 was a war between Britain and the United States fought primarily in Upper Canada. It had many causes, few which involved British North America. The results of the war include the fact that there was no clear winner or loser among them. The only real losers in the situation were the Natives in the region. They were driven out of their lands and customs. None of the borders was changed by the war, though many attempts were made. The Treaty of Ghent, which ended the war, did nothingRead More War of 1812 Essay1612 Words   |  7 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The War of 1812 was a war between Britain and the United States fought primarily in Upper Canada. It had many causes, few which involved British North America. The results of the war include the fact that there was no clear winner or loser among them. The only real losers in the situation were the Natives in the region. They were driven out of their lands and customs. None of the borders was changed by the war, though many attempts were made. The Treaty of Ghent, which ended the war, did nothingRead MoreAbout the Key Players in Dennis Carter-Edwards’ article The War of 1812 Along the Detroit Frontier: A Canadian Perspective741 Words   |  3 PagesCarter-Edwards’ article The War of 1812 Along the Detroit Frontier: A Canadian Perspective covers the theme of local history during the 19th century in Detroit. In particular, Carter-Edwards explores the Canadian perspective of the war of 1812 in the Windsor-Detroit region. The author examines three big categories; the measures that the British took to defended the area, the factors that influenced British decisions, and the power players that played a role on the outcome of the war. The article is an in-depthRead MoreThe History of Canada1059 Words   |  4 PagesThe History of Canada Canada is a nation located in the upper region of the North American continent. The land of Canada had a history dating back to before the founding of said country as an independent sovereign nation. Events that sparked involvement with the affairs other nations began before and during the war of eighteen twelve. The political unit of Canada also had some influential political figures, a prime example being Pierre Elliott Trudeau who was the prime minister of Canada for sixteenRead MoreHistory of the Battle of Queenston Heights1834 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Battle of Queenston Heights Introduction The War of 1812 is among the most obscure wars in American history, according to journalist Donald Hickey, writing in the Public Broadcast Service. That is because most Americans have no idea what the fighting was about or who the U.S. was battling against. The lack of familiarity with the War of 1812 is likely true, Hickey explains, because the president at the time, James Madison, was hardly in the same league as Abraham Lincoln or Franklin RooseveltRead MoreCanadian Success During The War Of 18121801 Words   |  8 Pages Canadian Success in the War of 1812 The War of 1812 is a war that stemmed from the Napoleonic wars in Europe into North America. It is a result of conflict between America and Britain and is now something that has left a mark on both American and Canadian history. For the Americans it is something that they are ashamed of and tend not to think about too much, but for the Canadians it has much more meaning. Some historians believe that this event, this success, is what sent Canada on its way toRead MoreAp Us History: After Math 1812 -Ghent Treaty1144 Words   |  5 PagesSuccess in the views of Americans? How Did it affect the country ? Ghent Treaty: Success or Failure? The War of 1812 was fought between the new and fragile United States against the British Empire, Canadian Provinces and a few Woodland Indian Tribes. The War of 1812 was an attempt by the Americans to establish their dominance in North America by conquest of the British owned Canadian Provinces. With an under supplied and undermanned army and navy the United States managed to scrape up a stalemateRead MoreCause And Effects Of The War Of 18121061 Words   |  5 PagesEdgar Vasquez Mr. Gill AP USH 9 October 2017 War of 1812 The War of 1812 is one of many wars that the USA will go through. The war is the first war that the new America would take part of and will be the first time the USA will declare war. The war lasted from June of 1813 to February of 1815, this is a span of two years and eight months. The war was fought by the United State verses the British. The war took place in many locations around the world which include the United States, Canada, onRead MoreCauses and Effects of the War of 18121527 Words   |  7 PagesCauses and Effects of The War of 1812 The nineteenth century brought major change to The United States turning it from a developing country into a world power. The addition of Alaska, Oregon, Texas, and Florida, the Mexican Cession and The Louisiana Purchase made The United States a world power. The War of 1812 catalyzed this great expansion. There were four main concerns that led to The War of 1812. Maritime and trade issues, the Embargo Act, territorial expansion, and War Hawks. Although they wereRead MoreThe War of 1812 Essay1051 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican-British War of 1812 which ended officially in 1814 with the peace Treaty of Ghent. None of the issues which instigated war were really resolved and it would seem that for the US, the War of 1812 was just a series of failures and few triumphs that, in the end, cost the Natives more than anyone else. The war began with fired-up Americans seeking resolution to their deep-seated resentments toward the British; hard feelings which only festered during the French Revolutionary Wars. Since the American

Biography of Astronomer Henrietta Leavitt

Oil And Gas Industry Exploration, Drilling, Refining,...

Cross-Cultural Perspectives British Petroleum or BP is among the six largest oil and gas companies in the world with a large multinational presence. BP is a British multinational organization with headquarters in London, England, and that pursues commercial interests throughout the world. BP has a strong global presence due to its production and marketing operations in several regions of the world. The global operations of BP comprise a large geographical area due to the effective vertical integration of the organization in all sectors of the oil and gas industry. This organization is relatively gigantic as compared to other organizations of this industry and that is why several stakeholders trust its viability. BP manages operations in exploration, drilling, refining, production, distribution, and marketing of oil and oil based products including petroleum products. Although BP is a British organization, a large portion of the revenue of the company depends on foreign locations. BP relies on several internati onal regions for achieving strategic objectives including the United States, Africa, Middle East, and Asia-Pacific. BP faces several cultural issues due to its interactions with stakeholders in various geographical locations. The two most important cultural issues that affect BP include diversity management and global cultural competence. The company has faced several issues with respect to global competence and the inability of the management to cope with culturalShow MoreRelatedThe Oil And Natural Gas Sector3323 Words   |  14 PagesIntroduction The oil and natural gas sector is constituted of three major components – upstream, midstream and downstream. The upstream industry includes exploration and production, midstream includes processing, storing and transporting while the downstream industry includes oil refineries and distribution. It provides consumers with various products like petroleum, gasoline, diesel, lubricants. The purpose of our project is to study the downstream oil and natural gas sector industry environment, thatRead MoreSupply Chains Essay3277 Words   |  14 Pagesfunctions: 1) A physical function and 2) A market mediation function. The physical function deals with production for goods, movement of raw materials etc; while the market mediation function ensures that the variety of products reaching the marketplace match those that the consumers want to buy. Each of these functions incurs different costs. The physical costs include costs of production, inventory shortage and transportation while t he market mediation costs arise when there is a mismatch betweenRead MorePorter s Value Chain Of The Petroleum Sector1338 Words   |  6 PagesPetroleum Sector A value chain is a full range of activities, including design, production, marketing and distribution that businesses go through to bring a product or service from conception to delivery. The value chain analysis was popularized by Michael Porter in 1985. Porter investigated the sequence of activities that are required to bring a product or service from concept through different stages of production, distribution, and to the final customer. Porter wrote â€Å"Competitive advantage cannot beRead More SWOT Analysis 872 Words   |  4 Pagesenergy industry that affect Range Resources Corporation. Strengths Range Resources has a strong position in the Marcellus Shale. It has close to one million net acres with resource potential of 545 million barrels of liquids and 32 trillion cubic feet of gas (Strategy, 2012). Range has a wide customer base. The company sells its gas production to customers including pipelines, utilities, gas marketing firms, industrial users, and local distribution. Its natural gas liquid (NGL) production is primarilyRead MoreSaudi Aramco : About The Company3890 Words   |  16 PagesSaudi Arabian Oil, also known as Saudi Aramco, is an oil gas company centered in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. It is one of the world’s most valuable and profitable company with an estimated worth of approximately 10 trillion US dollars, as reported by the Financial Times. The company not only has the largest oil reserves (approximately 260 billion barrels), but also has the largest daily production of oil (reference). The company has become a world leader in hydrocarbon explorations , production, distributionRead MoreSignificant Differences Between Accounting and Oil and Gas Operations and the Conventional Accounting for Manufacturing or Mechanize Operation.2083 Words   |  9 PagesSIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACCOUNTING AND OIL AND GAS OPERATIONS AND THE CONVENTIONAL ACCOUNTING FOR MANUFACTURING OR MECHANIZE OPERATION. By Demoore Suleman ----------------------- Conventional Manufacturing Account 1.Definition: Manufacturing account, the term I use to describe business organizations engaged in the manufacture of goods for sale. These company maintain a manufacturing account. 2. Cost Method: Expenses are the cost of unsold products and are reported as assets. TheseRead MoreExxonMobile Critical Success Factors3661 Words   |  15 Pages_INTRODUCTION_ ExxonMobil Corporation is the second largest integrated oil company in the world. In 2011 it ranked 3rd in the worlds largest companies with a revenue of $354,674 million and total profit of $30460 million. ExxonMobil has evolved from a regional marketer of kerosene in the U.S. to the largest trader of petroleum and petrochemical enterprise in the world. They are best known by their familiar brand names: Exxon, Esso and Mobil and they supply to more than 40,000 service stationsRead MoreStudy of the Saudi Aramco Value Chain4842 Words   |  20 PagesCompany overview: The Saudi Arabian Oil Company (Saudi Aramco) is a government-owned entity (since 1988 fully government-owned) and the world’s largest oil company in terms of output and managed natural crude oil resources. The company specializes in the exploration, production and distribution of crude oil, petrochemicals and natural gas. Saudi Aramco was established 1933 when Saudi Arabia signed a concession agreement with Standard Oil of California to explore for oil in the country. The group has moreRead MoreOil and Gas4942 Words   |  20 PagesOIL AND GAS ACCOUNTING: CRITICAL EXAMINATION OF THE APPLICATION OF THEORY TO PRACTICE IN NIGERIA 1.0 INTRODUCTION: The natural resources of a nation, particularly the minerals, often constitute the lions share of the nations wealth. This is particularly true of the OPEC nations including Nigeria. Prior to the development of accounting standards issued by the Nigerian Accounting Standards Board (NASB), the financial statements published by the oil and gas industry in Nigeria did not disclose adequateRead MoreExxon Mobile Capstone40455 Words   |  162 Pages................................................... 5   INDUSTRY  DEFINITION ...................................................................................................................................................................5   SIX  FORCES  ANALYSIS ....................................................................................................................................................................5   Level  3  Industry  Attractiveness ........................................

Breaking the Bonds of Oppression in Susan Glaspells A...

Breaking the Bonds of Oppression in A Jury of Her Peers Susan Glaspell’s A Jury of Her Peers is a view into the lives of farmer’s wives in the Midwest at the turn of the century. These women live in a male dominated world, where the men consider them incompetent and frivolous. The only identity they have is that associated with their husbands. They stay at the farmhouse to complete their repetitive and exhausting chores. The wives have little or no contact with the other people because of the distances between farms. Glaspell uses her female characters to rebel against the inequalities that women face and to prove that women are competent and when pushed too far --strike back. The male dominant society that is†¦show more content†¦The men deprive themselves of the answers they desperately seek. Men giving their names to their wives expand the control they have over them and deny them personal identities. By denying women public identities, states history Professor Kurt Leichtle, society [tries] to protect what it [feels] should be a system of ideals for women’s behavior (Walradth quoting Leichtle). Glaspell’s women characters have no individual identities, only those related to their husbands. Similar to the puppet that has no control over its actions and only moves at the direction of the puppeteer. Mrs. Peters, the sheriff’s wife, has no personal identity and Glaspell does not give her a first name to symbolize this fact. Mrs. Peters tries to live up to the stereotype of a proper sheriff’s wife. Defending her role, she says to Mrs. Hale, the law is the law (Glaspell 190). However, Glaspell gives Minnie Foster Wright a first name as well as a maiden name. Glaspell is showing that at one time Mrs. Wright was a real person with her own identity, b ut this was all before she married Mr. Wright. Glaspell only uses Mrs. Wright’s first name when she is referring to her in her youth and always Minnie Foster (her maiden name), never Minnie Wright. Mrs. Hale remembers Minnie Foster as a lively and appearance conscious girl that loves to sing in the choir and even compares her to a bird (Glaspell 189, 192).

Extraction of Trimyristin Free Essays

Trimyristin is an ester with the chemical formula C45H86O6 that can be isolated from the common spice nutmeg. The seed of the evergreen trees in the genus Myristica Fragrans is what nutmeg is obtained from. Trimyristin is the triglyceride of myristic acid also known as saturated fat (3). We will write a custom essay sample on Extraction of Trimyristin or any similar topic only for you Order Now The phase of trimyristin is solid and is only found soluble in dichloromethane, chloroform, ether, benzene, and ethanol (1). Only twenty to twenty-five percent of trimyristin makes up the mass of nutmeg and it is formed from the glycerol and saturated carboxylic acid (2). Like most extractions, isolating trimyristin is complex considering a variety of products are extracted in the solvent. * Method: * Extraction of Trimyristin: First the sand bath was set to about 40o C. In the meantime 1. 00g of ground nutmeg was weighed out and transferred to a 25mL round bottom flask. Then 10 mL of methylene chloride and 2 boiling chips were added to the round bottom flask. The round bottom flask was then connected to an air condenser and lowered onto the sand bath. The solution was allowed to boil gently for 30 minutes until it was removed and set aside to cool. After it cooled the nutmeg residue was filtered from the methylene chloride using a Hirsch funnel containing a methylene chloride moistened filter paper. A minimal amount of methylene chloride was then used to wash any excess residue out of the round bottom flask and into the filter. The filtrate was then transferred into a clean, dry, and tarred Erlenmeyer flask. The Erlenmeyer flask was then placed on a hot plate set between 50oC to 100oC inside the fume hood until the solvent evaporated into a yellowish oily solid. The solid that remained was then weighed. * Recrystallization of Trimyristin: Acetone was added in 1mL portions to the Erlenmeyer flask that contained the solid. During the same time, the flask was warmed on a sand bath in order to dissolve the solid. Then it was allowed to slowly cool to room temperature and placed into an ice bath for 10 minutes. The crystals were collected by vacuum filtration and were allowed to dry. * Analysis: After the crystals were dry the solid was weighed and then the melting point was determined using a Melt-Temp machine. * Results: Lab Components| Mass (g)| Volume (mL)| Nutmeg| 1. 00g| –| Flask and Testube| 83. 47g| –| Flask, Testube, and Filtrate (initial)| 90. 54g| –| Filtrate (initial)| 7. 07g| –| Erlenmeyer Flask| 74. 14g| –| Erlenmeyer flask and Filtrate (final)| 74. 41g| –| Filtrate (final)| 0. 26g| –| Acetone| –| 1. 00mL| * These results show all the measurements that were taken from everything used in order to determine the analysis of the trimyristin extracted which is shown below. * Analysis: Weight of Trimyristin| 0. 1g| Melting Point of Trimyristin| 53. 2oC – 54. 3oC| % of Trimyristin extracted| 10%| * Conclusion: During this experiment methods of vacuum filtration and recrystallization were used to extract trimyristin from the spice nutmeg. When trimyristin was successfully extracted there was a low percentage (10%) of the amount extracted but it had a melting point that was almost exact to the actual melting point of trimyristin which is 53oC-54oC. The experiment was performed successfully for the most part, disregarding a few minor mistakes made in the procedure. These mistakes didn’t interfere with the outcome of the experiment but could have improved the performance of it. For instance, it took a long time for the solvent to evaporate because the hot plate was set at too low of a temperature. How to cite Extraction of Trimyristin, Essay examples

Methodologies for Evaluating Intellectualism

Question: Discuss about the Methodologies for Evaluating Intellectualism. Answer: Introduction Problem Statement The issue clarification depicts what an expert needs to get a few answers concerning the issues of a business space. Here, the impact of business correspondence in Signarama Sydney CBD is portrayed. Beside these issues, the responses for upgrade correspondence troubles are also named here. The issues and courses of action rely on upon the investigation question which is given underneath (Byrne, 2001). Research Questions Mention the troubles and issues of business communication which rise in the midst of a business process in Signarama Sydney CBD Company. What are the frameworks taken by the association to handle the issues and concerns about business correspondence? Are these tactics and frameworks important and honest to goodness for overall business? Background of the research The establishment of the research proposal has agonized over the troubles and issues of business correspondence faced by the affiliation, Signarama Sydney CBD. The communications of organizations happen amongst delegates and clients or among within specialists (Creswell, 2003). To unwind the correspondence issues, Signarama Sydney CBD necessities to find the sort of correspondence issues, for instance, business to business correspondence or business to customer correspondence. A couple of instance of poor trades is poor listening aptitudes which can provoke pointless conflict. These issues lead to wastage of proficiency, money and period (Demeter, 2007). The purpose of the research The inspiration driving doing this investigation is to decide the troubles of business correspondence in an affiliation(Kumar, 2016). The correspondence business issues can be settled when the delegates review their style of correspondence close by their behavior. In like manner, it would clear up their mystery and correspondence power when they are possessed with talk (Arab British Academy, 2014). A splendid correspondence amasses similarity and trust among the specialists and a manager. Along these lines, correspondence is made progress (Gillham, 2005). Research Methodologies Research Approach A research approach affirms that in which grace the research is to be done. A research approach can be masterminded into three sorts, for instance, inferential approach, inductive approach, and adductive approach (GLICK, 2011). At this time, the research approach is deductive then the deductive method is concerned with the authenticity of suppositions(Kumar, 2016). However, the inductive and adductive method oversees new hypotheses and puzzles exclusively. In this recommendation, there are no new concepts and enigmas. Thus, the research method is deductive (Jones Finer and Lewando Hundt, 2001). Research Design A research design is concerned with the approach of the research study. Furthermore, it understands if the research proposal is correlational or realistic, semi-test or trial, Meta-explanatory or review based. In any case, this research subject is realistic. Unmistakably, this particular research proposal about the business correspondence is not a significant study based, but rather it is a particular based suggestion. The research design is the structure that has been set up for searching down responses to research questions (Laura, 2013). Research Assumptions A research assumption is a feasible yearning which individuals expect that the research holds its authenticity. In any case, it construes the research is done in a way that it obviously clarifies all applications by giving confirmation (Leedy and Ormrod, 2005). Research assumptions give motivation to making research instruments and theories. Henceforth, these research assumptions are put forth by taking defense from the business correspondence issues of Signarama Sydney CBD (May, 2000). Analysis of Data Collection Method According to everybody, there are two sorts of data assembly system. For instance, qualitative and quantitative data assembly method. Quantitative data can be broke down in various ways. The examination is important in the assessment since it gives quantifiable and direct results. From these two strategies, this examination relies on upon quantitative data aggregation technique since the investigation is observational and realistic. The quantitative data can be requested into four levels like clear, customary, and brief and degree. In this examination suggestion, none of these is reasonable (Omer, 2013). Here, basically realistic data are related. Research Instruments The fact finding methods are the tools of the enquiry. Aside that, it contains the contraptions for assembling data. Additionally, it contains audits, acknowledgment, examining and social affairs. Here, wisdom and investigating are utilized as examination instruments (Arab British Academy, 2014). Research Outcome In view of this examination, there is one and only result, and that is the answers for these business correspondence issues. The general arrangements are depicted in the suggestion area of this study proposal (Punch and Punch, 2003). Recommendation Business communications is one of the major aspect of any organization. This process leads a companys overall business process. Depending on the communication this research project is developed. This recommendation chapter is totally maintained on the future progress of the company and also describing the main solutions for the issues that arising in this communication process. The business correspondence issues of Signarama Sydney CBD can be hindered when the workers of Signarama Sydney CBD study their correspondence style. A better than average correspondence process requires a couple of aptitudes. Along these lines, the specialists of Signarama Sydney CBD should be arranged truly with astounding social capacities. It is also notable that people who are working in the organization they should be lead properly by the human resource department and also learn how to make communication better with other members of the organization. In this way, human resource department should be very much aware of how to teach them about the communication process within the organization. However, it is also notable that implementing better communication device and framework is much important than implementing any process of communication. A customer to affiliation joint efforts is paramount for the association. It is essential for recognizing the gathering of spectators pieces checking diverse requirements, desired results, and targets. A man needs to upgrade an element outside perception that permits the communicator not just to tangle over her or his exchanges with others. By following this strategy, a man can transform into a brilliant communicator. The agents of Signarama Sydney CBD should focus on straightforwardness, validity, and sensitivity. Correspondence is a kind of exchange of data (Ruben, 2012). The illustration and elucidation of recollections and contemplations are a basic part of an organization part. Along these lines, the association must choose some individual who can set up the delegates in an imaginative way. The individual should make game plans for talks and social events so that he or she can viably mix inspiration and data. Nevertheless, the company also be very much aware of the facts that if the employees are motivated by the communication among the human resource department and all the employees. Apart from that, implementing the social communication in the organization is much effective way to make appropriate communication. This process can add more proficiency among the employees. Managers and human resource department can understand the movements of the work flow. Conclusion The associations are flourishing and dynamic spots of steady changes. In case anyone moves to another association, then that individual needs to modify the style and correspondence strategy of that affiliation. To do in that capacity, he or she ought to make an early arranging. Inadequate correspondence is immoderate. A workplace holding improves the satisfaction, benefit, and upkeep of delegates. The change of workplace holding requires an OK correspondence aptitude. Thusly, the relationship, for instance, Signarama Sydney CBD can satisfy high ground. A study proposal is basic for every relationship to choose their business-related troubles and issues. Starting late, there are different courses for correspondence process than there were just several years. Distinctive specific methodology joins long range casual correspondence districts which are the floating purpose of this period. Multinational associations moreover make usage of interpersonal connection areas for talking with cus tomers. As needs be, it helps in progression of their picture. References Byrne, M. (2001). Interviewing as a data collection method.AORN Journal, 74(2), pp.233-235. Creswell, J. (2003).Research design. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications. Demeter, G. (2007). Symposium article: Role-plays as a data collection method for research on apology speech acts.Simulation Gaming, 38(1), pp.83-90. Gillham, B. (2005).Research interviewing. Maidenhead: Open University Press. GLICK, E. (2011). Two Methodologies for Evaluating Intellectualism.Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 83(2), pp.398-434. Jones Finer, C. and Lewando Hundt, G. (2001).The business of research. Oxford [UK]: Blackwell Publishers. Laura, C. (2013). Intimate Inquiry: Love as "Data" in Qualitative Research.Cultural Studies Critical Methodologies, 13(4), pp.289-292. Leedy, P. and Ormrod, J. (2005).Practical research. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. May, P. (2000).The business of ecommerce. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Omer, M. (2013).The resilience of networked infrastructure systems. Singapore: World Scientific Pub. Co. Punch, K. and Punch, K. (2003).Survey research. London: Sage Publications. Ruben, A. (2012). Does Scientific Research Need a Purpose?.Science. Arab British Academy, (2014). business communication. 1st ed. [ebook] Dubai: Arab British Academy. Available at: https://www.abahe.co.uk/Free-En-Resources/English-for-Managers-Business-Correspondance.pdf [Accessed 31 Aug. 2016]. Kumar, R. (2016). Research Methodology. [online] https://www.sociology.kpi.ua/. Available at: https://www.sociology.kpi.ua/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Ranjit_Kumar-Research_Methodology_A_Step-by-Step_G.pdf [Accessed 31 Aug. 2016].

Cranberry Litlefield Simulation free essay sample

Littlefield Technologies is a low volume, high margin manufacturer and distributor of digital satellite system receivers. Littlefield Technologies seeks to minimize production costs and sell at the highest price the market will allow, with the end result of maximizing profit, or value for shareholders. In order to be successful they needed to maximize utilization of every stage of the process from inventory control to shipping. With the negotiated contracts available in order to maximize profits Littlefield has little room for inefficiencies and must meet all delivery requirements. At the time of change over, Littlefield was not maximizing the capacity of the plant. It was not effectively processing items through station 2 and was exceeding the utilization of all stations in the production process. In addition, it did not have a delivery agreement with suppliers that would maximize raw product inflows at the least cost. Finally it did not have a contract negotiated with customers that maximized the price the market was willing to bear given taking into account the order lead time the customers required. Capacity Management In order to determine the number of machines to purchase for each station we started by pulling all historical data for the plant to analyze the potential bottlenecks. We analyzed the utilization and capacity of each station and determined the current number of machines was inadequate and would not meet demand even if inventory levels were under control. We started with only adding one additional machine to station 1 which had a large backlog, had the highest utilization, and was the starting point for the production process. Soon after we noted the backlog of the equipment in all other stations began to exceed station 1 so one machine was purchased for station 2 and one machine was purchased for station 3. This effectively decreased the queue at each station and materials started moving through the factory more efficiently. It was noted the queue for station 2 was not effectively balancing the flow from stations 1 and 3. We took control over the factory at a point when there was a backlog at all stations. Even assuming the correct capacity at each station, we were still left with a backlog in the system. Therefore, we changed the priority at station 2 to favor station 3. This was done so that the final step of the process (final verification of the products) has priority before the initial verification. We hypothesized that in doing so, we will efficiently decrease the backlog in the system. We noted that through increased capacity (purchased machines for stations 1, 2 and 3) and through switching station to preferentially process the input from station 3, the backlog was reduced quickly which allowed us to decrease the delivery times from approximately 7 days (when we took over the control) to 0.8 days. This, in turn, allowed us to move to the contract which required delivery in maximum 24 hours, which maximized our profits. Our approach was effective. Product began efficiently moving through the plant and order lead time was being met on most orders. If we could do the simulation again we would purchase new machines for all three stations at the onset to allow the backlog to clear quicker and the company to begin realizing profits earlier. Inventory Management Prior to the start of the simulation we calculated the current reorder point and quantity. We determined the amounts were too low to meet customer demand based on the number of stock outs and number of orders completed each day. In response, we updated the reorder point and quantity to a level consistent with the calculated average demand and stock outs ended. We utilized calculations from OM class, namely optimal Q calculation and ROP calculation. After the plant began operating efficiently, we noted inventory levels were staying higher than anticipated. In response the reorder point and quantity were adjusted down slightly to decrease the amount of inventory on hand in an effort to decrease inventory holding costs. Close to the end of the project it was noted the inventory was still high and the reorder points and kits were reduced one last time. Our approach was effective in that the number of stock outs went to zero and the plant was no longer waiting on material to produce product. Our execution of readjusting the reorder point and reorder quantity as the plant became efficient was not effective. We were ordering smaller amounts more frequently and holding more inventory on hand each day than was necessary to meet average demand. If we could play the game over again we would decrease the reorder point to where it would create a more just in time inventory. In addition, we would increase the reorder quantity in an effort to decrease the number of shipments required to maintain the necessary inventory thereby decreasing the amount of shipping fees paid. Priority Management After other inefficiencies were lessened, it was noted the queue for station 2 was not effectively balancing the flow from stations 1 and 3. To resolve we changed the scheduling policy to process items from station 3 with priority. The reasoning was that when we took control of the plant, there were 2 issues. First issue was that the capacity of the plant was too low compared to the demand. The second issue (arising from the first) was that the low capacity vs. demand created a backlog in the factory, and we had to deal with this backlog. There were 2 ways to deal with the backlog: we could have increased the capacity of the factory more, so that the extra kits already in process are processed, or we could have changed the priority to station. We chose to change the priority at station 2, because it was free (compared to purchasing additional machines). We believe the prioritization scheme selected was the best optimization of the unit to ensure finished goods were flowing through the factor. The change decreased the overall queue at station 2 from an average of 341 to 145 and increased the number of completed jobs per day from an average of 4 to an average of 7. Endgame Management Toward the end of the game we began calculating the potential impact of remaining on contract 3 with all levels the same, or switching to a new contract, and selling off equipment. Plan one was to sell off the equipment purchased, drop back down to contract one, and decrease the reorder point and quantities to minimize the inventory cost and penalties for late deliveries. Plan 2 was to decrease the reorder point and quantity, sell equipment and switch to contract 2 in order to maximize the per unit profit. In the end we ran out of time and made no adjustments. As a result we stayed in third place overall after reaching a high of second place. If given the chance to play the game over again we would have changed the reorder point and quantity earlier to decrease inventory shipping and holding costs. Next, we would have sold off one piece of equipment from each station. This would allowed us to still meet production levels while increasing the inflow of cash prior to shut down. Finally, to ensure we met delivery requirements we would have changed to the second contract which would have maximized our profit on the units in the final processing stages while minimizing the penalties for late delivery. Conclusions We learned how to apply some of the basic manufacturing operations concepts through the Littlefield simulation. We learned to first observe the current operating processes of the plant to locate efficiencies and inefficiencies. By calculating the existing reorder point and reorder quantity we were able to arrive at an estimate that provided the necessary raw materials to complete the products in work, fill the estimated customer demand over the short term, and create a small inventory buffer to prevent the plant from being unable to fulfill orders due to a lack of inventory. This inventory buffer was enough to absorb the variability in customer demand. In addition to inventory we were able to decrease the production time, increase the productivity, and increase the overall plant capacity by adding one machine to each station. Adding more than one machine may have allowed us to fill all customer’s orders within the minimum lead time and maximize our profits but given the short duration of the factory it was best to retain the funding in house to create a cash buffer for future projects. Comparing 268 day of data versus 50 days is not an accurate comparison for items such as profit, quantity sold, overall efficiencies, etc. One point that can be compared is the utilization of each station. As you can see from the chart provided below by adding just one additional machine the overall utilization of each station was brought into reasonable levels. Before the additional machines the utilization of each station frequently hit or exceeded 100% which indicated it had no capacity or buffer to take into account the customer’s variable demand. Also we have included below a chart showing the transactions processed by group 3 during the project period.